EKSTRAKSI SARANG SEMUT (Myrmecodia pendans) DENGAN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI PADA IKAN KAKAP MERAH

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2019.020.03.6

Keywords:

Fenol, Flavonoid, Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum, Tanin

Abstract

ABSTRAK

 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu ekstraksi sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) dengan Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) terhadap rendemen, total fenol, total flavonoid, total tanin dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak sarang semut. Selanjutnya ekstrak sarang semut sebagai anti bakteri diaplikasikan pada ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus sanguineus). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dengan 2 faktor, yaitu suhu ekstraksi (50, 60 dan 70°C) dan lama waktu ektraksi (10, 20 dan 30 menit). Hasil penelitian memperoleh kondisi terbaik untuk ekstraksi sarang semut adalah suhu 70°C dan lama waktu 20 menit. Ekstrak tersebut memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut: rendemen 7,83%, total fenol 150,33 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid 56,12 mg QE/g, dan total tanin 20,42 mg TAE/g. Nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak sarang semut pada Escherichia coli 0,5 mg/ml, Listeria monocytogenes 0,1 mg/ml dan Vibrio parahaemolyticus 0,5 mg/ml. Selanjutnya ekstrak diaplikasikan sebagai bahan perendaman ikan kakap yang telah dikontaminasi dengan Listeria monocytogenes. Ikan yang direndam dengan ekstrak sarang semut dan disimpan pada 4°C dan -8°C mempunyai jumlah Listeria monocytogenes yang lebih rendah dibanding dengan ikan kakap tanpa perendaman.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and time of Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) of anthill (Myrmecodia pendans) to the yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, total tannins and it's antibacterial activity of extract against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.. Anthill extract as anti-bacterial was applied to the red snaper ((Lutjanus sanguineus). The design experient used was completely randomized design, with two factors, temperature of extraction (50, 60 and 70 °C) and time of extraction (10, 20 and 30 min). The best condition extraction was obtained at temperature 70°C and time of 20 min, resulting anthill extract with characteristic as follows: a yield of 7.83%, total phenol 150.33 mg GAE / g, total flavonoids 56.12 mg QE / g, total tannins 20.42 TAE mg / g. Minimum concentration inhibition (MIC) on Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were 0.5, 0.1 and 0.5 mg / ml, respectively. Furthermore, extract was applied to soaking (0.1%) red snapper that has been inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes and kept at -8 and 4 °C. The inoculated red snapper contained a lower number of Listeria monocytogenes than un-soaked red snapper.

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2019-12-13

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