PERBANDINGAN BERBAGAI METODE PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN (DPPH, ABTS DAN FRAP) PADA TEH HITAM (Camellia sinensis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2023.024.01.4Keywords:
ABTS; Aktivitas antioksidan; DPPH; FRAP; Teh hitamAbstract
Senyawa antioksidan berperan dalam menghambat atau menunda reaksi oksidasi molekul dengan cara memperlambat proses inisiasi atau propagasi reaksi oksidasi berantai. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dapat bervariasi karena perbedaan struktur kimiawi antioksidan, sumber radikal bebas, dan sifat fisikokimia dari sampel yang diuji. Senyawa yang mengandung radikal bebas memiliki satu atau lebih elektron yang tidak berpasangan dan bersifat reaktif sehingga dapat merusak sel dan jaringan bila terakumulasi dalam tubuh manusia. Terdapat antioksidan alami dan sintetis yang berfungsi untuk menghambat reaksi oksidasi dan mencegah terbentuknya radikal bebas. Namun, perlu diperhatikan bahwa antioksidan sintetis dapat memodifikasi senyawa menjadi karsinogenik. Oleh karena itu, eksplorasi antioksidan alami dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidannya penting dilakukan. Salah satunya adalah pengujian aktivitas antioksidan teh hitam (Camellia sinensis). Teh merupakan salah satu minuman yang paling populer di dunia dan merupakan tanaman yang banyak ditemukan di daerah pegunungan Asia. Teh diketahui memiliki manfaat kesehatan karena mengandung polifenol yang merupakan antioksidan alami. Antioksidan polifenol berperan dalam melawan radikal bebas yang berbahaya bagi tubuh. Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan uji penangkapan radikal DPPH (2.2-difenill-1-pikrilhidrazil), ABTS (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) dan FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). Ketiga metode uji antioksidan berbeda dalam mekanisme reaksinya. Hasil pengujian antioksidan pada teh hitam dengan metode DPPH sebesar 208.83 mgTE/g, ABTS sebesar 217.83 mgTE/g dan FRAP sebesar 42.15 mgTE/g, dimana TE adalah Trolox Ekuivalen
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