EKSTRAKSI NANOKALSIUM TULANG IKAN TENGGIRI (Scomberomorus sp.) DENGAN ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2023.024.02.7Keywords:
Karakteristik Nanokalsium, Tulang Ikan Tenggiri, Nanokalsium, Ultrasound Assisted ExtractionAbstract
Kalsium merupakan mineral esensial yang memiliki peranan penting di dalam tubuh untuk pembentukan tulang. Kalsium umumnya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk mikro kalsium yang menyebabkan penyerapan oleh tubuh hanya 50% sehingga sering menyebabkan defisiensi. Sumber kalsium yang aman digunakan umumnya dari tulang ikan, yang merupakan limbah tidak termanfaatkan, salah satunya adalah tulang ikan tenggiri. Pada penelitian ini digunakan ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) untuk mengekstrak nanokalsium. Kalsium berukuran nano lebih mudah diserap oleh tubuh dan dapat terapsorbsi secara cepat dan sempurna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis interaksi waktu eksitasi dan amplitudo terhadap karakteristik nanokalsium yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan solusi terbaik untuk memproduksi nanokalsium dengan waktu eksitasi 100,04 menit dan amplitudo 75,00% dengan prediksi nilai respons yakni rendemen 47,49%; derajat putih 85,47%; dan kadar kalsium 47,62%. Distribusi ukuran partikel nanokalsium dengan posisi pengukuran 4,65mm dari dinding sel memiliki rata-rata ukuran 142,3nm dan PdI 0,226. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan puncak utama muncul pada sudut 2θ = 31,73. Selain itu, beberapa puncak muncul di 25,90; 28,99; 32,99; 34,18; 39,79; 43,97; 46,79 dan 49,62. Berdasarkan persamaan scherrer diperoleh ukuran rata-rata kristal 26,16 nm dan derajat kristalinitas 83,35%. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi yang terindikasi pada nanokalsium diantaranya adalah gugus fosfat (PO43-), karbonat (CO32-) dan gugus hidroksil (OH).
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