ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERIOFAG SPESIFIK SALMONELLA TYPHI DARI KULIT AYAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2018.019.02.5Keywords:
typhoid fever, biocontrol, lysis, plaque assayAbstract
ABSTRAK
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang menyebabkan demam tifoid sangat endemik di Indonesia. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak terkontrol menimbulkan kasus resistensi yang menyebabkan tidak efektifnya pengobatan. Hal ini membutuhkan alternatif penanganan yang lebih efektif, efisien, ramah lingkungan dan aman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan bakteriofag spesifik Salmonella typhi dari sampel kulit ayam broiler dan mengarakterisasi fag yang dihasilkan secara morfologi. Pelaksanaan penelitian meliputi proses pengayaan dan isolasi bakteriofag dari sampel kulit ayam broiler menggunakan metode plaque assay dengan teknik agar overlay, dilanjutkan dengan uji konfirmasi bakteriofag secara in vitro menggunakan spektrofotometer dan uji karakterisasi morfologi terhadap fag yang dihasilkan menggunakan Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Isolasi bakteriofag dari kulit ayam broiler berhasil mengisolasi fag spesifik Salmonella typhi yang diberi nama KAS dengan konsentrasi akhir 1.1 x 109 PFU/ml. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan terhadap plaque yang terbentuk, fag KAS (Kulit ayam-Salmonella typhi) dikategorikan sebagai fag litik. Hasil uji konfirmasi fag KAS dalam medium cair menunjukan bahwa fag KAS memiliki kemampuan bervariasi dalam menurunkan jumlah bakteri patogen Salmonella typhi dengan nilai MOI 101, 102, dan 104. Hasil Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) menunjukan bahwa fag KAS memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang mirip dengan famili Podoviridae.
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ABSTRACT
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a gram-negative bacteria that causes typhoid fever endemic in Indonesia. The use of uncontrolled antibiotics leads to resistance cases that result to ineffective treatment. This problems are requiring more effective, efficient, environmentally friendly and safe handling alternatives. The aim of this research is to get bacteriophage specific Salmonella typhi from chicken skin sample and characterize phage produced morphologically. The research implementation includes enrichment process and bacteriophage isolation from broiler chicken using plaque assay method with overlay technique, followed by bacteriophage confirmation test in vitro using spectrophotometer and phage morphology characterization test using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Isolation of bacteriophage has succeeded in isolating phage specific Salmonella typhi named KAS (Chicken Skin-Salmonella typhi) with final concentration of 1.1 x 109 PFU / ml. Based on the observation of the plaque formed, the KAS phage is categorized as litic phage. The results of the confirmation test of phage KAS in liquid medium showed that phage KAS has varied ability in decreasing number of pathogenic bacteria Salmonella typhi with MOI value 101, 102, and 104. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed phage KAS has morphological characteristics similar to Podoviridae.
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