ANALISIS NERACA MASSA DAN SENYAWA KIMIA ASAP CAIR GRADE C MENGGUNAKAN CYCLONE SEPARATOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2020.021.02.1Keywords:
Asap Cair Grade C, Cyclone Separator, Neraca Massa, Senyawa Kimia, Tempurung KelapaAbstract
ABSTRAK
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Pengolahan limbah tempurung kelapa menjadi arang dan asap cair meningkat pada beberapa tahun terakhir. Asap cair dari limbah tempurung kelapa adalah cairan yang diperoleh dari hasil kondensasi asap residu pada proses pirolisis tempurung kelapa. Asap cair yang dihasilkan dari proses kondensasi pertama disebut sebagai asap cair grade C yang biasa digunakan sebagai pengawet kayu. Produksi asap cair grade C menggunakan metode kondensasi langsung memiliki rendemen yang rendah serta terdapat campuran abu dan pengotor lain. Oleh karena itu, teknologi cyclone separator digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Namun demikian, diperlukan analisis terkait neraca massa dan senyawa kimia asap cair grade C menggunakan cyclone separator. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu melakukan analisis neraca massa dan senyawa kimia asap cair grade C menggunakan cyclone separator. Pada penelitian ini, analisis neraca massa dan senyawa kimia dilakukan pada asap cair yang dihasilkan dengan kondensasi langsung dan dengan teknologi cyclone separator. Hasil analisa neraca massa menunjukkan bahwa teknologi cyclone separator mampu mengurangi zat pengotor mencapai 13% dari total bahan baku dan meningkatkan 2 kali lipat jumlah asap cair grade C yang dihasilkan jika dibandingkan dengan kondensasi secara langsung. Sedangkan, analisis senyawa kimia menunjukkan bahwa cyclone separator mampu meningkatkan gugus fungsi senyawa fenolik dan menghilangkan hingga 100% gugus fungsi senyawa pengotor asap cair seperti karbonil dan asam yang mengandung benzo(a)pyrene.
Kata Kunci: Asap Cair Grade C; Cyclone Separator; Neraca Massa;  Senyawa Kimia; Tempurung Kelapa
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ABSTRACTÂ
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Coconut shell waste processing into charcoal and liquid smoke has increased in recent years. Coconut shell-liquid (CS-LS) is the liquid obtained from the residual smoke condensation results in the pyrolysis process of the coconut shell. Liquid smoke produced from the first condensation process is called as C grade liquid smoke commonly used as a wood preservative. The problem of grade C liquid smoke production by using direct condensation method has a low yield and containing of ash and other impurities. Therefore, the cyclone separator technology is used to overcome this problem. However, it is necessary to analyze the mass balance and chemical compounds of grade C CS-LS using cyclone separator. The study aim is to analyze the mass balance and chemical compound of grade C CS-LS using cyclone separator. In this study, mass balance and chemical compounds analysis were carried out on CS-LS produced by direct condensation and by cyclone separator technology. The results of mass balance analysis show that cyclone separator technology was able to reduce impurities reach 13% of the total raw materials and increase the amount of C grade liquid smoke produced twice when compared to direct condensation. Meanwhile, the analysis of chemical compounds showed that cyclone separator was able to increase the functional groups of phenolic compounds and eliminate up to 100% functional groups of liquid smoke impurities such as carbonyl and acid containing benzo(a)pyrene.
Keywords : Grade C Liquid Smoke; Cyclone Separator; Mass Balance; Chemical Compound; Coconut Shell
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