KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SERTA INHIBISI LIPASE DAN KOLESTEROL ESTERASE DARI BUBUK SARI BUAH PAMELO CITRUS MAXIMA KULTIVAR NAMBANGAN SECARA IN VITRO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2021.022.03.1Keywords:
Enkapsulasi, Kapasitas Antiokidan, Kolesterol Esterase, Lipase Pankreatik, PameloAbstract
ABSTRAK
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Jeruk pamelo (Citrus maxima) kultivar Nambangan kaya akan senyawa bioaktif, seperti asam askorbat dan senyawa fenolik (flavonoid, narirutin, naringin, dan neohesperidin). Penelitian terdahulu menemukan bahwa berbagai spesies pamelo menurunkan kadar LDL-c, trigliserida dan kolesterol pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia. Namun, meski memiliki nilai fungsional dan manfaat kesehatan yang tinggi, tingkat konsumsi pamelo masih rendah, kemungkinan karena rasanya yang pahit dan asam. Produk bubuk menjadi solusi masalah ini dan juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai aplikasi. Bubuk sari buah lebih praktis dan stabil untuk digunakan. Namun demikian, proses yang digunakan untuk memperoleh serbuk harus mempertimbangkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif. Bubuk sari buah diperoleh dengan pengeringan semprot dengan penambahan bahan penyalut (maltodekstrin/MD DE12 dan gum arab/GA) dari empat formulasi (10: 0, 9: 1, 8: 2, dan 7: 3 MD/GA) dengan konsentrasi dari 15% w/v jus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan rasio bahan penyalut (MD/GA) terhadap senyawa bioaktif sari buah pamelo dan menilai potensi hipolipidemik secara in vitro dalam menghambat lipase pankreas dan kolesterol esterase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas DPPH, total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan asam askorbat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak bubuk MD/GA 7:3. Nilai IC50 ekstrak 4 bubuk jus buah pamelo terhadap lipase dan kolesterol esterase berkisar antara 211,42-308,40 μg/ml, dan 934,19-1352,05 μg/ml. Nilai IC50 terendah diperoleh dari ekstrak bubuk MD/GA 7:3. Ekstrak bubuk sari buah pamelo menunjukkan efek yang lebih kuat dalam menghambat aktivitas lipase pankreas daripada menghambat kolesterol esterase.
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ABSTRACT
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Pummelo (Citrus maxima) cultivar Nambangan is rich in bioactive compounds, such as ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds (flavonoids, narirutin, naringin, and neohesperidin). Previous studies showed that various species of pummelo lower LDL-c, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic rats. However, despite its high functional value and health benefit, the consumption level of pummelo is relatively low, probably due to its bitter taste and astringency. Powdered product can overcome this problem and be applied for various applications. Powdered fruit juice is more practical and stable to utilize. However, the process used in obtaining powder should consider the bioactive compounds content. Pummelo powders were obtained by spray drying with addition of coating agents (maltodextrin/MD DE12 and gum arabic/GA) of four formulations (10:0, 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 MD/GA) with the concentration of 15% w/v juice. This study aimed to determine the effect of the difference ratios of coating agent (MD/GA) on bioactive compounds of pummelo juice powder and assess the hypolipidemic in vitro potential in inhibiting pancreatic lipase and cholesterol esterase. The results showed that the highest DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and ascorbic acid were shown by the extract of 7:3 MD/GA powder. The IC50 values of an extract of 4 pummelo powders against lipase and cholesterol esterase was ranging from 211.42 - 308.40 μg/ml, and 934.19 - 1352.05 μg/ml, respectively. The lowest IC50 values were obtained by the extract of 7:3 MD/GA powder. The extracts of pummelo powders showed stronger effect in inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity than inhibiting cholesterol esterase.
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