KAJIAN KINERJA SIKLON PEMBERSIH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KONSENTRASI GAS-GAS HASIL GASIFIKASI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2020.021.03.7Keywords:
Efisiensi Pengumpulan, Pengurangan Diameter, Penurunan Tekanan, Suhu Gas, TarAbstract
                           ABSTRAKÂ
PPembersihan partikel-partikel pengotor dari gas-gas hasil gasifikasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu proses penting yang harus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gas pembawa energi dengan kemurnian yang lebih baik. Pemisahan partikel-partikel tersebut dari umumnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan siklon. Konstruksi dan kondisi operasi siklon, seperti suhu gas yang masuk, berperan penting dalam menentukan kinerja pemisahan partikel dari gas tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perubahan suhu gas terhadap kinerja siklon dalam memisahkan partikulat dan tar dari gas-gas hasil gasifikasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu gas yang masuk ke siklon mampu memisahkan partikel berukuran 5–6 μm di kisaran suhu 200–300 °C pada efisiensi minimum 50%. Hasil perhitungan efisiensi pengumpulan rata-rata mencapai 98,23%, sedangkan hasil pengukuran adalah 85,56%. Hasil perhitungan dan ekperimen terhadap tekanan jatuh pada siklon, masing-masing, adalah 100,11 dan 87 mmH2 O, berada pada kisaran standar tekanan jatuh yang disarankan. Efisiensi dan tekanan jatuh yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa siklon dapat bekerja dengan baik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa siklon sebaiknya digunakan pada tahap awal dari proses pemisah partikel dari gas hasil gasifikasi, pada saat suhu gas masih tinggi
Kata kunci : Efisiensi Pengumpulan; Pengurangan Diameter; Penurunan Tekanan; Suhu Gas; Tar
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ABSTRACT
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Gas purification is one of a very crucial process required to be performed in order to obtain a better quality of gasses produced by grasification of oil palm empty fruit bunches. A cyclone is usually used in the purification process to separate particles and tarss from the gas. Particle separating performance of a cyclone is affected by its construction and operating conditions, such as temperature of the entering gas. The objectives of this study is to examine the effect of the entering gas temperature to the cyclone performance in separating particulates and tar from gases produced by gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch. The results shows that the cyclone was capable in separating particles with size of 5-6 μm at entering gas temperature range of 200- 300 °C, at a minimum efficiency of 50%. The calculated average collection efficiency was 98.23% while the experimental results were 84.56%. Calculation and experimental data on pressure drop within the cylone was 100.11 and 97.0 mmH2 O, respectively, and fall within the required standard pressure drop. The collection efficiency and pressure drop indicated that the cyclone performed well. The study also suggests that cyclone is best to be used at the first row of the purification system for gases produced by gasification of empty fruit bunch since the temperature is still high enough
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Keywords : Collection Efficiency; Diameter Cut Size; Pressures Drop; Temperature of Gas; Tar
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