NANOENKAPSULASI EKSTRAK KULIT MELINJO MERAH (Gnetum gnemon L.) PADA BERBAGAI SUHU INLET DAN LAJU ALIR SPRAY DRYER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2021.022.03.6Keywords:
β-siklodekstrin, Kulit Melinjo Merah, Poloksamer, Spray DryingAbstract
ABSTRAK
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Kulit melinjo merah berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Enkapsulasi perlu dilakukan untuk melindungi ekstrak kulit melinjo merah yang kurang stabil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah nanoenkapsulasi ekstrak etanolik kulit melinjo merah menggunakan enkapsulan β-siklodekstrin melalui tahap nanomulsifikasi dengan berbagai konsentrasi surfaktan poloksamer (0,5; 1, dan 1,5%). Selanjutnya dilakukan spray drying pada berbagai suhu inlet (120; 130, dan 140 °C) dan laju alir bahan (4, 5, dan 6 ml/menit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nanoemulsi dengan ukuran 99,32 ± 0,32nm, indeks polidispersitas 0,29 ± 0,04, viskositas 2,97 ± 0,53 cp, turbiditas 197,56 ± 0,20NTU dan potensial zeta -34,25 ± 0,04 mV diperoleh dengan penambahan poloksamer 1%. Spray drying pada suhu inlet 130 °C dan laju alir 5 ml/menit mampu menghasikan nanokapsul ekstrak etanolik kulit melinjo merah dengan yield 31,98 ± 0,11%, efisiensi enkapsulasi 83,28 ± 0,16% dan aktivitas antioksidan (RSA-DPPH 69,94 ± 0,07% dan reducing power 77,57 ± 0,43%)
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ABSTRACT
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Melinjo red peels has the potential as a source of antioxidants. Encapsulation is needed to protect the unstable melinjo red peels extract. The aim of this study was to nanoencapsulate the ethanolic extract of melinjo red peels using β-cyclodextrin encapsulants through the nanomulsification stages with various concentrations of poloxamer surfactants (0.5; 1 and 1.5%). Furthermore, spray drying was carried out at various inlet temperatures (120; 130 and 140 °C) and material flow rates (4; 5 and 6 ml/min). The results showed that the nanoemulsion with a particle size of 99.32 ± 0.32 nm, polydispersity index 0.29 ± 0.04, viscosity 2.97 ± 0.53 cp, turbidity 197.56 ± 0.20 NTU and zeta potential -34.25 ± 0.04 mV was obtained by adding 1% poloxamer. Spray drying at an inlet temperature of 130 °C and a flow rate of 5 ml/min was able to produce nanocapsules of ethanolic extract from melinjo red peels with a yield of 31.98 ± 0.11%, encapsulation efficiency 83.28 ± 0.16% and antioxidant activity (RSA-DPPH 69.94 ± 0.07% and reducing power 77.57 ± 0.43%)
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