PENGARUH PENYANGRAIAN DENGAN TEKNOLOGI VIBRO-FLUIDIZED TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BIJI KAKAO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2017.018.01.6Keywords:
Biji Kakao, Roaster, Sangrai, Vibro-FluidizedAbstract
ABSTRAK
Proses penyangraian biji kakao dapat mempengaruhi mutu kakao. Akibat suhu yang tinggi pada proses penyangraian, aktivitas antioksidan biji kakao dapat menurun. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi tingkat penurunan aktivitas antioksidan biji kakao maka perlu dilakukan proses penyangraian yang lebih efektif (waktu penyangraian yang lebih cepat dan pemanasan yang lebih merata). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyangraian biji kakao secara cepat dan efektif dengan menggunakan alat vibro-fluidized roaster, sehingga penurunan aktivitas antioksidan biji kakao dapat dikurangi. Biji kakao yang tidak di fermentasi dipilih untuk disangrai menggunakan alat vibro-fluidized roaster atau disangrai menggunakan penyangrai konvensional. Proses penyangraian dilakukan pada suhu 140 °C selama waktu tertentu sehingga kadar airnya mencapai 2–2.5%. Selanjutnya, biji hasil sangrai dipecah dan dipisah antara nib kakao dengan kulit kakao. Nib kakao dianalisa antioksidannya dan laju penurunan kadar airnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk biji kakao yang dihasilkan dari proses penyangraian menggunakan vibro-fluidized roaster memiliki kandungan anti oksidan sebesar 46.86%, sedangkan produk yang dihasilkan menggunakan penyangrai konvensional sebesar 38.16%. Laju penurunan kadar air dari hasil penyangraian menggunakan alat vibro-fluidized roaster lebih cepat dari pada menggunakan penyangrai konvensional
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ABSTRACT
A roasting process of cocoa beans can influence to the quality of cocoa beans product, specifically the use of high temperature on roasting process could reduce the activity of antioxidant. Therefore, in order to diminish levels of reducing activity of antioxidant on cocoa beans, it needs to manage the effectivity of a roasting process such as time and temperature. This research aims to determine the effect of length of roasting time using vibro-fluidized roaster which could reduce the decreasing of level the antioxidant activity of cocoa bean. In this experiment, the unfermented cocoa beans were selected for a roasting process using a vibro-fluidized roaster or roasted apparatus using conventional roasters. The roasting process was carried out at 140 °C for a certain time resulted the water content reached 2-2.5%. Furthermore, roasted beans were broken down and separated between cocoa nib with cocoa shell. The antioxiant activity of cocoa nib and the decreasing of water content were analyzed and the results showed that cocoa beans produced contains antioxidant 46.86% while the conventional products 38.16%. It can be conclude that the rate of decreasing moisture content from roasting process using a vibro-fluidized roaster is faster than a conventional roaster
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